Wanene ya ƙirƙira filastik?

Jakunkuna na robobi kayan bukatu ne na yau da kullun da ake iya gani a ko'ina a cikin rayuwarmu, don haka wa ya kirkiro robobi?A zahiri gwajin mai daukar hoto ne a cikin dakin duhu wanda ya haifar da ƙirƙirar filastik na asali.

Alexander Parks yana da abubuwan sha'awa da yawa, daukar hoto yana ɗaya daga cikinsu.A karni na 19, mutane ba za su iya siyan fim ɗin shirya fina-finai da sinadarai kamar yadda suke yi a yau ba, kuma galibi suna yin abin da suke buƙata da kansu.Don haka kowane mai daukar hoto dole ne kuma ya zama masanin kimiyyar sinadarai.Ɗaya daga cikin kayan da ake amfani da su a cikin daukar hoto shine "collagen", wanda shine maganin "nitrocellulose", watau, maganin nitrocellulose a cikin barasa da ether.A lokacin an yi amfani da shi don manna sinadarai masu haske a cikin gilashi don yin daidai da fim ɗin hoto na yau.A cikin 1850s, Parks ya dubi hanyoyi daban-daban na magance collodion.Wata rana ya gwada hada collodion da kafur.Ga mamakinsa, haɗawar ta haifar da wani abu mai lanƙwasawa.Wuraren shakatawa da ake kira abu "Paxine," kuma wannan shine filastik na farko.Wuraren shakatawa sun yi kowane nau'in abubuwa daga "Paxine": combs, alkalama, maɓalli da kwafin kayan ado.Parks, duk da haka, ba shi da tunanin kasuwanci sosai kuma ya yi asarar kuɗi a kan harkokin kasuwancinsa.

A cikin karni na 20, mutane sun fara gano sababbin amfani da robobi.Kusan duk abin da ke cikin gida ana iya yin shi da wani nau'in filastik.An bar shi ga sauran masu ƙirƙira don ci gaba da haɓakawa da riba daga ayyukan Parks.John Wesley Hayat, mawallafi daga New York, ya ga wannan dama a shekara ta 1868, sa’ad da wani kamfani da ke yin biliards ya koka game da ƙarancin hauren giwa.Hayat ya inganta tsarin masana'antu kuma ya ba "Pakxin" sabon suna - "celluloid".Ya sami shirye-shiryen kasuwa daga masana'antun billiard, kuma ba a daɗe ba kafin ya fara kera kayayyaki iri-iri na robobi.Filayen robobi na farko sun kasance masu saurin kamuwa da wuta, wanda ke iyakance yawan samfuran da za a iya yi daga gare ta.Filastik na farko da ya yi nasarar jure yanayin zafi shine "Berkelet".Leo Backlund ya sami takardar shaidar mallaka a 1909. A 1909, Baekeland a Amurka ya kera robobi na phenolic a karon farko.

A cikin 1930s, an sake gabatar da nailan, kuma an kira shi "fiber wanda ya hada da gawayi, iska da ruwa, wanda ya fi siliki gizo-gizo, ya fi karfi fiye da karfe, kuma ya fi siliki".Bayyanar su ya kafa harsashin ƙirƙira da samar da robobi daban-daban daga baya.Sakamakon ci gaban masana'antar petrochemical a yakin duniya na biyu, danyen robobi ya maye gurbin kwal da man fetur, sannan masana'antar kera robobi su ma sun bunkasa cikin sauri.Filastik abu ne mai sauƙi wanda za'a iya tausasa shi ta hanyar dumama shi da ƙarancin zafin jiki, kuma ana iya siffanta shi da duk abin da kuke so.Kayayyakin filastik suna da haske a launi, haske a cikin nauyi, ba sa tsoron fadowa, tattalin arziki da dorewa.Zuwan sa ba wai kawai yana kawo jin daɗi ga rayuwar mutane ba, har ma yana haɓaka ci gaban masana'antar sosai.